现在完成时练习题及答案（现在完成时基础训练）
现在完成时态详解：
一． 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
I have spent all of my money 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.
①for+时段
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
Mary has been ill for three days.
I have lived here since 1998.
四． has gone
My father has been to Shanghai.
Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）
My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.
五．现在完成时的标志：
1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
* 以already, just和yet为标志
①He has already got her help.
他已得到她的帮助。
②He has just seen the film.
他刚刚看过这场电影。
③He hasn't come back yet.
他还没有回来。
* 以ever和never为标志
①This is the best film I have ever seen.
这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
②He has never been to Beijing.
他从没有到过北京。
* 以动作发生的次数为标志
He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before
①He has got to Beijing so far.
到目前为止他已到了北京。
②She has passed the exam so far.
到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。
* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志
注意：
1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago等;
2)不能与when连用
3)现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
六．过去分词：
1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词
buy----have borrow -----keep
come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in
go out----be out leave ----be away
begin-----be on finish----be over
open----be open close -----be closed
die----be dead
★1.have代替buy
My brother has had
例如: I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。
（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）
I have just had my breakfast. , already（已经, before, yet（一般疑问句末：已经；否定句：还） never, ever 等状语连用
Tom has already finished his homework.
Tom hasn’t finished his homework yet.
2.I have just had my lunch. 3.She hasn’t seen you before.
4.Have you ever eaten fish? I have never eaten fish
① I have never heard of that before.
② Have you ever ridden a horse?
③ She has already finished the work.
④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.
⑤ I’ve just finished my homework. ⑥ He has not come yet.
常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:
①already
练习：把下列各句译成英语。
1.你已经问过这个问题两边了，别再烦我了。
2我能借你的字典用一下吗？对不起，已经借给Tom了。
3 你以前见过她吗？不，从来没有过。
4 你曾经去过北京吗？是的我去过那儿三次。
5 你已经看完那本小说了吗？是的，我已经把它还给图书馆了。
用法二：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。
A. 动词使用延续性动词。
B .和表时间段的时间状语连用。
常与for或since引导的时间连用so far, up to/till now, in the last/past+一段时间，all one’s life, by now, these days, these days、for two years、since 1984、since he came here
I haven’t seen her these days.
She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago.
They have lived here since 1990.
What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?
since: (自…以来)
1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 o’clock.
2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago.
3)since+从句She has taught English since he came here.
for
for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
用for ,since填空
Mr. Brown has had his TV ________ 15 years.
2.Ive taken driving lessons _________ last month.
3. My sister has had her cell phone ________ a month .
4. My friends havent visited me ___________ my birthday.
5.We havent used our car ________ a long time .
6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _________ years.
Tom has worn glasses _________ he was 7 years old.
注 意：
(1)since＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;
since two weeks ago=for two weeks;
I have kept the library book for a week.=
I have kept the library book since a week ago.
(2)since + 时间点＝for＋时间段
since 2000=for 15 years
(3) since+从句(常用一般过去时)
The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris
(4)It is /has been +一段时间 + since 从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army.
填空：
1. Jill has been in Ireland________Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland__________three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia_______15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_____7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country________1974.
6. The bus is late. We've been waiting________20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.
8. Mike has been ill________a long time. He has been in hospital ________October
9. Its ten years ______ we met each other last time.
10. He has taught English _______ 25 years.
11. The Greens have lived on the farm ______ 1990.
12. They have been practicing the guitar _____ two hours.
13.－How long have you been a reporter? －_____ 8 years ago.
14. I haven’t gone for a walk in the park _____ a long time.
15. He’s been collecting stamps ____ he was in primary school.
16. Peter has been to summer camp _____ 3 times.
三、非延续性动词与现在完成时：
短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。
1.他入党五年了。
——He joined the Party five years ago .
——He has been in the Party for five years.
——He has been a Party member for five years.
——it is five years since he joined the Party
2.电影开始五分钟了。
—— The film began five minutes ago.
——The film has been on for five minutes.
——It is five minutes since the film began
常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变：
第一类：动词 be + adj./adv
die --- be dead,
finish/end --- be over ,
return--- be back, come--- be here,
go--- be off,
marry (sb/get married to sb)— be married (to sb)
open/close--- be open/be closed,
fall ill/ fallasleep/get to sleep--- be ill/ be asleep ,
第二类：动词 be + 介词.
start/begin--- be on
leave--- be away from
join--- be in/be a memember of
第三类：动词 另一个动词
buy---have borrow--- keep/have get/begin to延续性v. become--- in
put on--- wear catch/get a cold --- have a cold, get to know---- know
同义句转换：
1.His father died 2 years ago.
2.The football match began at 9:00a.m.
3.The twins joined the army when they were 18 years old.
4.My teacher left Nanjing 3 days ago.
汉译英：
他的爷爷已经去世2年了。
Nick 参军3年了.
3.他离开深圳好长时间了。
4.这本书我已借了4个月了.
It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子.It is 2 years since his grandpa died.
模仿写出以上剩下的三个句子：
完成下列的句子：
1.The English professor arrived here about a week ago.
The English professor ____ _____ here for about a week .
2.Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago .
Her husband _____ _____ on the farm for three hours .
3.The French musician came to China last month , and he is still here .
The French musician _____ _____ ____ China for a month .
4.He joined the army in 1985 .
He _____ _____ ____ the army ____ 1985 .
5.He joined the League half a year ago .
He has been a League ______ ______ half a year .返回搜狐，查看更多